Sleep Apnoea

30 July 2018

Management of sleep-disordered breathing issues such as sleep apnoea and snoring are becoming common treatments. It is reported that almost 9% of the Australian population suffers from sleep disorders. The underlying mechanism is an obstruction in the airways. This caused breathing to reduce or stop for short period of time. The reduction in blood oxygen levels, causes poor sleep and medical issues. This is associated with a range of diseases and conditions, including depression, diabetes and stroke, as well as workplace injuries and motor vehicle accidents.

In recent years the availability of many DIY devices is allowing patients to treat themselves. The numbers of patients self-treating is growing and complications are being seen. Unfortunately patient may be doing themselves more harm than good. Most patients consider sleep apnoea to be snoring. These products may cure snoring problems but the underlying disease may still be present. They may create side effects such as tooth damage, facial pain, and jaw problems without improving the medical conditions. Many DIY devices are designed to reduce snoring and not to treat to treat sleep apnoea.

A sleep study is essential to determine what is actually happening with each individual patient. Of specific interest is whether a mouth device will actually help. After a sleep study is concluded patients would be advised as what treatments are available for their condition. Mouth devices are only one method of treatment and are not suitable in all cases. CPAP machines, mouth devices, weight loss, surgery are some methods of management. Behavioural changes such as minimising alcohol, cigarette, caffeine, sleeping pills before going to sleep are also beneficial.

Mouth devices may help when forward positioning of the lower jaws would open airways, to allow complete breathing. Many devices exist but the most successful need to be adjustable. They are usually fitted to upper and lower jaws and then adjusted over a period of time to improve breathing patterns.

Once a sleep study is completed, patients are often referred to a dentist to have a sleep device custom made to suit the patient. On referral, the Port Kennedy Dental Group will construct an adjustable upper and lower oral sleep apnoea device. There are several types and are made in Australia using approved materials.

Dental management of Sleep Apnoea is not suitable for all people, and do have disadvantages. At a dental consultation, the complete risks, benefits and suitability of  treatment can be assessed and discussed.